Internal-combustion engine.



2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

.Patented Mar. 9, '1915.

J. P.- SANDELL.

J. P. SANDELL. INTERNAL ooMBusTroN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25. 1914. A r I Patented Mar.9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2, i

UNiTED. STATES PATENT oEEicE.

J'ON F. SANDELIJ, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. SAnnELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have inventeda new and useful Improvement in InternalCombustlon Engines, of which the following is a specification.`

My invention relates 'to an improvement in the type of internal-combustion engine, which is adapted to use the heavier liquid hydrocarbons (fuel-oil) with compressed air as thefuel.

To start an engine'of the kind referred'to with a torch, or the like, as heretofore, for heating the cylinder suificientlyin the first instance, takes an unduly long time; and

. one of the objects of my invention is to enable this starting to be effected in very much less time.

oil-engine provided with my improvements, 'and Fig. 2 shows the head-portion of onev cylinder by an enlarged sectional-view.

` V A Vcylinder 3- rises on a suitable frame 4,

andcontains in its lower end a stuffing-box 5, through which works a piston-rod 6 connected as usual with a crank-shaft (not shown) and carrying a piston 7. In one side of the cylinder-wall is an airinlet port 8, above which is the exhaust 9; and 1n the opposite side of the wall is an air-inlet port 10, nearer the lower end of the cylinder than.

the port 8 and equipped with a spring-closed check-valve 11. A passage12 in the cylinder-wall crosses the port 10 and extends` therein from below the lower end of the pis.

ton-stroke to a port 13 leading into thecylinder, normally closed by a door 14, and

which may be used when desired, upon removing the door, to admit water whendesired for promotingcombustion.

The engine, as thus far described, presents lno features of novelty.

The cylinder-head 15 contains a `flanged supplemental circular head 16 bolted in place through its flanges, wherebyit is rendered readily removable for access to parts for repairing. This supplemental head clamps against offsets in the head of the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1, a numerouslyperforated sheet-metal plate or disk 17, of concavo-convex shape, which bears at its Specification -of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 9, 1915.

Application filed March 25, 1914. Serial No. 827,110.

' wire 24 fastened to its inner end and Wound about the inner reduced section of the porcelain tube, the end of the wire being brazedtoa metal ring 25 wedged, for good contact,

between tapering sections of the tube 2O and sleeve 19; land a sheet-steel cap 27 lined with mica 26 enveloping the wireV 24. -The tube 23 has a wire-connection u with one terminal of aV storage-battery, indicated at B in Fig.

1, the other terminal thereof being connected by -a wirew with, or grounded on, the supplemental head 16. 'lhe capped section of the plug projects through the disk 17 into the head-end of the cylinder.

The oil is fed into the cylinder through a l trated in Fig. 2. It comprises a headed metal plug#y extending horizontally through thecylinder-headand into the outer headend ofv which' a pipe 29 leads from a suitable lsource of fuel-oil supply (not shown). Duets I30 extend lengthwise through the` a spring 32 for holding the valve yieldingly against its seat. The inner end of the plug has screwed upon it a metal cap 33 projecting into the cylinder and containing in its end a discharge-opening 34 `inclining upwardly toward the inner face of the'perforated disk 17, to cause oil discharging through it to strike the plate to one side of its center and be deflected against the cap 27.

At 35, in- Fig. 1, is shown a ring formed on the inner end of the piston for the airdefiecting purpose hereinafter explained.

In engines of the present type, the up#` stroke of the piston, after passing the port 8, draws air through the latter into Vthe `cylvinder after having drawn into the .saillie"sii-f'L cient air through the valved-fpor avoid more than a sufficient vacuum-behind.'

nozzle 2S of the preferred construction illus- A the piston open valve 11. In:l

, While the engine is running, the heat generated in each cylinder by the compression of..the air by the piston' therein vaporizes the oil and is supposed to be sulicient to explode the fuel-mixture for veieiting the,`

backstrokeof thepiston.

.i The heat of compression andl'thatfrom v the repeated explosions keepu the `plate '175 .in a .red-hot condition; and .by numerou'sly.

l I. -perforating this plate the hot gases 'are admitted through the perforations into the chamber behind it to envelop the plate Yand thus enhanceits heated; condition .1

- F or' starting the engine fin" the lirst in- `sta nce,fcurrent from the battery B `is turned on to heat` the resistance-Wire 24 and from it the metal cap 27, until the latter becones red-hot, for which a very few seconds (about v 10 to 12) are required; when the battery is switched,` oil.A By cranln'ng the vengine to produce the air-compression in the cylinder and at the proper time forcing oil inthe usual Way -throughthe nozzle 28,-the opening l34 directs the oil-discharge at an angle 'against the disk 17, whereby. theconcus;

sion 'further dividesit into small particles the engine. Y 4 L What I claim as new and'desire to secure jby Letters Patent is 50 and -dellects them. in a ine'is'pray against 'the -hot cap 27 to produce the explosion, After the-first explosion' the heat dueto f the air-compression in each cylinder supple- A mented. Vby that of thedisk'therein, maintainedfin a red-hot condition as described,

and against" which the oil .is caused to striker bythe inclined nozzle-exit 34,. suffices 1. In an internal-combustion` plate.' f

nemer the character descr1bed,.the combination o f' an electric circuit, a cylinder having airinlet andexhaust ports, arv piston in the cylinder, a nozzle for introducing liquid hydrocarbon into the cylinder. near its head-end and providedwith an.. inclined dischargen y openin'gin fits inner end, a ,.nurherously- #perforated.concavu-cpnvex metal plate con' fined about vits uedge 1n said head t6 form a chamber behind it and toward lwhich said opening inclines, anda metal-capped elecn tric-al resistance-coil in said circuit, protrud- 'ing .through the-'cylinderehead and plate into the cylinder andinto the path of liquid hy.

drocarbon l discharging fromsaid opening.

2. In an internalfcombustion engine of.

the character described,'the combinationwof a yliider havingfair-inlet rand `exhaust p`orts,L-a. pistou in thecylinder, a supplel `mental head secliredin'the cylixi@iler-head,y a

concavo convex rnumerously perforated metal plate Aconfined in the. cylinder-head by saidsupplementalhead'tol present its con 'i cave face tothe direction of the piston-stroke.

.and forming with the supplemental head Ca chamber, and a nozzle extending through the Acylinder-head intol the cylinderfor introducing therein,-1iquid hydrocarbon, said-nozzle having a discharge-opening Ain its inner end inclining towardsaid plate.

V3. In an internal-combustion engineo'i the character described, the combination of an electric circuit,v a cylinder having air-inlet and exhaust ports, a3pistcn-in the cylinder.,`

a vsupplermantal head secured inthe cylinderf head, Va concavo-convex numerously-perforated. meer piateeoafined' in um cyiinder- Y head by said supplemental head and forming with'the latter a chamber,a' plug extendn l v -ing 4into the cylinder, through `the supplemental. head and carrying on its inner; end` a meta1-c`apped electricai- 'sistance coil in-l cluded in said circuit, an. ing through the 'cylinder-head into the cylinder .for introducing-therein liquid hydro:

a nozzle extendA ,.carbon, said nozzle having a'disch'arge-openfing` in its innereud .inclining toward said- JOHN F. SANDELL..

In presence offi f A. C. Flsefma, 

